Medication 7-823 - Sodium Bicarbonate (Soda)

CMH EMS & MIH Protocols

Scope of Practice:

• Registered Nurse
• Paramedic
• Community Paramedic

Route(s):

• IO, IV,

Pharmacodynamics (class and mechanism of action):

• Alkalinizing agent. (Combines with excessive acids to form a weak volatile acid. Increases pH.)

Pharmacokinetics:

• Half-life: Unknown.
• Onset time: Immediate.
• Peak action time: Immediate.
• Duration of action: Unknown

• Peak	1	minutes
  Duration	1	minutes

Dosing:

• Refer to specific protocol(s) below for dose(s).

Indications:

• Protocol 2-198 - Cardiac Arrest.
• Protocol 2-396 - Extremity Trauma.
• Protocol 2-638 - Overdose / Toxic Ingestion.

Contraindications:

• Alkalotic states.

Pregnancy Risk Factor:

• Category C
• Risk not ruled out: Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks. FDA requires a relatively large amount of high-quality data on a pharmaceutical for it to be defined as Pregnancy Category A. As a result of this, many drugs that would be considered Pregnancy Category A in other countries are allocated to Category C by the FDA.

Potential Incompatibilities:

• Medication 7-143 - Benadryl.
• Medication 7-175 - Calcium Chloride.

Precautions and Adverse Effects:

• Correct dosage is essential.
• Can deactivate catecholamines (i.e. Dopamine, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine).
• Delivers large Sodium load.
• Can worsen acidosis if not Intubated and adequately ventilated.
• May cause alkalosis, hypernatremia, fluid retention, and/or peripheral edema.

Antidote:

• None.

Controlled Substance Information:

• Not a scheduled drug
• The DEA and FDA have not identified this drug with a schedule classification.
• DEA number: NA.
• Narcotic: No.
• Street names: NA.

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Polk, Hickory, Cedar, & St Clair County EMS Protocols is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.